Histopathological evaluation of skin in cirrhotic patients with pruritus

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 DERMATOLOGY, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine , sohag university.

2 Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

3 Departments of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

4 Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

5 Department of pathology, Assuit Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University.

Abstract

Background: Cirrhosis often is a silent disease Clinical symptoms at presentation may include jaundice of the eyes or skin, pruritus, gastrointestinal bleeding, coagulopathy, increasing abdominal girth, and mental status changes. Pruritus may be the presenting symptom, arising years before any other classic clinical and laboratory markers of hepatic dysfunction. This study examines the clinical, laboratory and histopathological changes in the skins of cirrhotic patients with pruritus in comparison with cirrhotic patients without pruritus and healthy control skins .
Patients and Methods: To evaluate  clinical, laboratory and histopathological changes in cirrhotic patients with pruritus, cirrhotic patients without pruritus  and corresponding healthy (control). skin biopsies (20 specimens each) using hematoxylin and eosin stain and to study mast cell density using gimesa stain.
Results: In the skin biopsy specimens of the cirrhotic patients with pruritus we found several histological changes including: epidermal hyperplasia (acanthosis) ,vascular ectasia(dilated dermal blood vessels), hypertrophied dermal nerve endings, mixed inflammatory cellular infilterate and lymphocytic vasculopathy (swelling of the endothelial cell lining of the blood vessels without fibrinoid necrosis, leucocytoclasia or extravasation of red blood cells). Evaluation of mast cell count in Gimesa stained skin sections revealed an  increased  numbers of these cells in the group of cirrhotic patients with pruritus ( N=5-10). The cells noted in perivascular, perineural and interstitial distribution (between collagen bundles).
Conclusions: We report, for the first time, some histopathologial  changes in the skins of cirrhotic patients with pruritus in comparison with cirrhotic patients without pruritus and healthy control skins .

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Sohag Medical Journal
Volume 22, Issue 1
January 2018
Pages 447-452

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