Comparison of Clinical Features, Hematological Indices and Disease Activity between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ezzat Amin, Mohammad; Kobesy, Esraa Ali; Hassanien, Hassan A; Abdelaal, Usama M.

doi:10.21608/smj.2025.420360.1618

Comparison of Clinical Features, Hematological Indices and Disease Activity between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ internal medicine department faculty of medicine Sohag university

² Internal medicine department..fucalty of medicine sohag university

³ Internal medicine department, faculty of medicine sohag university

⁴ Department of internal medicine, Sohag university hospital

10.21608/smj.2025.420360.1618

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) is an autoimmune chronic disease that may impact several organs.This research aimed to assess and evaluate the clinical symptoms, hematological parameters,and disease activity in SLE patients with early and late onset.Hematological indicators like neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR) and mean platelet volume(MPV) were also examined in order to determine how they relate to the severity and clinical manifestation of SLE.

Methods:One hundred patients in this cross-sectional study were chosen based on their compliance with the 2019 SLE criteria set by EULAR/ACR.Two equal groups of patients were formed:Early-onset SLE is in Group A, and late-onset SLE is in Group B..

Results:Malar rash,lymph node,arthritis and headache were higher in group A than B (P<0.05).Compared to group A,group B had substantially greater cases of serositis and pleural effusion(P<0.05). Psychosis, thrombocytopenia bleeding tendency, previous coronary events and peripheral vascular events were insignificantly different between both groups. Group B had a much greater rate of anaemia manifestation compared to group A(P<0.05). NLR and PLR were significantly higher in group B than A (P<0.05). MPV, SLE activity index, proteinuria were insignificantly different between both groups.

Conclusions: Early onset SLE and Late onset SLE showed different clinical characteristics. Late onset SLE showed distinct disease manifestations, including more serositis, pleural effusion, and anemia, suggesting that late-onset SLE may have unique features. Early onset SLE had more cases of malar rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis, and headache. Late onset SLE, had higher NLR and PLR, indicating increased systemic inflammation. Proteinuria, SLE activity index, and MPV did not vary significantly.

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