Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Cases with Acute Leukemia in Sohag University Hospital

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

2 Department of Clinical Pathology,Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

3 Department of clinical and chemical pathology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute leukemias are a group of malignancies with clinical, morphologic, immunologic, and molecular patterns and display patterns of surface antigen expression (CD antigens). Precursor cells from different blast cells in acute leukemia express different subdivisions of surface molecules many of which are now defined as cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens. Every leukemia type has specific set of CD markers, what constitute nowadays current classification of hematopoietic malignancies and the basis of diagnosis. The expression of CD markers on leukocytes can be determined by flowcytometry. Immunophenotyping improves both accuracy and reproducibility of acute leukemia classification. Flow cytometry is a technique used to analyze multiple phenotypic and functional parameters simultaneously within a single cell or a population of cells.
Aim of the work: Assess the prevalence of aberrant expression of CD markers in cases with acute leukemia in Sohag University Hospitals.
Patients and Methods: This study was carried out in the Clinical Pathology Department, faculty of medicine, Sohag university hospital on fifty (50) newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients who were subjected to bone marrow aspiration, their ages ranged between 1.5 to 71 years, 29 (58%) of them were males and 21 (42%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1, during the period from November 2015 to October 2016.
Results: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia positive for the following CD markers CD10, CD19, TdT, HLA-DR and expressing CD33 and case of AML (M4-M5) expressing CD7 lymphoid marker.
Conclusion: Aberrant expression of CD markers is seen in several cases of acute leukemia. The frequency of aberrant antigen expression in acute leukemia was comparable with most published international data. The presence of aberrancy helps to identify a neoplastic process.  

Keywords

References

1. Lewis RE, Cruse JM, Sanders CM, Webb RN, Suggs JL. Aberrant expression of T-cell markers in acute myeloid leukemia. Experimental and molecular pathology. 2007;83(3):462-3.
2. Strobl H, Knapp W. Myeloid cell-associated lysosomal proteins as flow cytometry markers for leukocyte lineage classification. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents. 2004;18(3-4):335-9.
3. Zeleznikova T, Babusikova O. The value of dot plot patterns and leukemia-associated phenotypes in AML diagnosis by multiparameter flow cytometry. Neoplasma. 2005;52(6):517-22.
4. Chang L, Zhang G, Shi H, Ye L, Jiang YM. [Clinical value of minimal residual disease detection by flow cytometry in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics. 2014;16(12):1245-9.
5. Jani P, Qi XY, Chang H. Aberrant expression of T-cell-associated markers CD4 and CD7 on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. American journal of hematology. 2007;82(1):73-6.
6. Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT, Flandrin G, Galton DA, Gralnick HR, et al. Proposals for the classification of the acute leukaemias. French-American-British (FAB) co-operative group. British journal of haematology. 1976;33(4):451-8.
7. Haferlach T, Kohlmann A, Schnittger S, Dugas M, Hiddemann W, Kern W, et al. Global approach to the diagnosis of leukemia using gene expression profiling. Blood. 2005;106(4):1189-98.
8. Jahedi M, Shamsasenjan K, Sanaat Z, Aliparasti M, Almasi S, Mohamadian M, et al. Aberrant phenotype in Iranian patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin. 2014;4(1):43-7.
9. Hoelzer D, Gokbuget N. New approaches to acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults: where do we go? Seminars in oncology. 2000;27(5):540-59.
10. Weinberg OK, Seetharam M, Ren L, Seo K, Ma L, Merker JD, et al. Clinical characterization of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes as defined by the 2008 WHO classification system. Blood. 2009;113(9):1906-8.
11. Lowenberg B. Hematology in 2000 and beyond: a weather forecast. The Netherlands journal of medicine. 1999;55(6):276-9.
12. Sarma A, Hazarika M, Das D, Kumar Rai A, Sharma JD, Bhuyan C, et al. Expression of aberrant CD markers in acute leukemia: a study of 100 cases with immunophenotyping by multiparameter flowcytometry. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers. 2015;15(4):501-5.
13. Salem DA, Abd El-Aziz SM. Flowcytometric immunophenotypic profile of acute leukemia: mansoura experience. Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. 2012;28(2):89-96.
14. Zheng J, Wang X, Hu Y, Yang J, Liu J, He Y, et al. A correlation study of immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and clinical features of 180 AML patients in China. Cytometry Part B, Clinical cytometry. 2008;74(1):25-9.
15. Bahia DM, Yamamoto M, Chauffaille Mde L, Kimura EY, Bordin JO, Filgueiras MA, et al. Aberrant phenotypes in acute myeloid leukemia: a high frequency and its clinical significance. Haematologica. 2001;86(8):801-6.
16. Launder TM, Bray RA, Stempora L, Chenggis ML, Farhi DC. Lymphoid-associated antigen expression by acute myeloid leukemia. American journal of clinical pathology. 1996;106(2):185-91.
17. Chirumbolo S, Ortolani R, Vella A. CCR3 as a single selection marker compared to CD123/HLADR to isolate basophils in flow cytometry: some comments. Cytometry Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology. 2011;79(2):102-6.
18. Seegmiller AC, Kroft SH, Karandikar NJ, McKenna RW. Characterization of immunophenotypic aberrancies in 200 cases of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. American journal of clinical pathology. 2009;132(6):940-9.
19. Alkayed K, Khattab E, Madanat F. Aberrant T-cell antigen expression in Jordanian children with B lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy. 2015;8(4):187-8.
20. Venditti A, Del Poeta G, Buccisano F, Tamburini A, Cox-Froncillo MC, Aronica G, et al. Prognostic relevance of the expression of Tdt and CD7 in 335 cases of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 1998;12(7):1056-63.
21. Bradstock K, Matthews J, Benson E, Page F, Bishop J. Prognostic value of immunophenotyping in acute myeloid leukemia. Australian Leukaemia Study Group. Blood. 1994;84(4):1220-5.
22. Khurram M, Jafri S, Mannan A. Frequency Of Aberrant Expression Of Cd Markers In Cases Of Acute Leukemia. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 2010; 18(2):55-60.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics